Eco-Friendly Optimum Structural Concrete Mix Design

Concrete, the most consumed man-made material worldwide, has shaped environment and modern world. Even though concrete is a major contributor to carbon footprint, it indispensable for building sustainable world of tomorrow. Researchers have been exploring ways reduce footprint implement strategical waste management plans in which wastes are repurposed. Pollution challenge almost all countries, especially with increase release greenhouse gases atmosphere emissions resulting from unmanaged landfills. Additionally, areas available landfills become scarce. Daily around world, generated such as wood ash, glass, used tires, construction debris, demolition wastes. These usually accumulate years, they mostly nondecomposable. This research explores solution this twofold problem components replaced by by-products, return reduces need raw materials that significant repurposes part circular economy. In research, ash partial replacement cement sand, fine crushed glass crumb rubber replacements recycled aggregates gravel. The optimum eco-friendly structural mix was determined be combined consisting 5% cement; 20% 2% sand; 50% coarse aggregates. By mass, constituted 32% mix, translating into 34% its volume. identified were mixes may applications.